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The Last Furnace
  • Furnace or heat pump
  • Sizing
  • Cold climate
  • Mini splits
  • Troubleshooting
  • Rebates
  • Furnace or heat pump
  • Sizing
  • Cold climate
  • Mini splits
  • Troubleshooting
  • Rebates

Your furnace won't last forever. What comes next?

An independent guide to heat pumps and mini splits: what they cost to run, what size you need, and when a furnace still wins. We sell nothing.

Outside12°FInside68°FRun the numbers for your winter: gas furnace or heat pump.
  • Heat pump or furnace?Cost to run, by fuel and state.
  • What size do I need?Tons, BTUs and why the old unit is no guide.
  • Furnace or Heat PumpRunning cost, dual fuel, repair or replace, and what changes…

Browse by topic

  • Furnace or Heat PumpRunning cost, dual fuel, repair or replace, and what changes…
  • SizingMini split and heat pump size, and load from your…
  • Cold ClimateWhat happens at 17F, 5F and below, and what backup…
  • Mini SplitsAgainst central air, electricity use, leaks, cooling and cleaning
  • TroubleshootingSymptoms, emergency heat, ice, fan, noise and upkeep
  • Rebates and RulesTax credit, federal and state rebates, and refrigerant and efficiency…

Calculators

  • Mini Split Size Calculator: What Size Do You Need?→
  • Heat Pump vs Gas Furnace Calculator→
  • Heat Pump Size Calculator: Capacity, Balance Point and Backup Heat→

How we estimate.

Your own bills and rates, the maker's figures at your temperature, and a dated source for every number. When the furnace wins, we say so.

Read our method
Recently published

More guides

  • Heat Pump Not Heating: What to Check and When to StopTroubleshooting · Updated Nov 4, 2026
  • Heat Pump Blowing Cold Air: Normal, or a Real Fault?Troubleshooting · Updated Nov 4, 2026
  • Heat Pump vs Furnace: Which Wins Where You LiveFurnace or Heat Pump · Updated Nov 4, 2026
The Last Furnace

An independent second opinion on what comes after your furnace. Independent guides, researched and checked against original sources, and dated so you can see when they were last reviewed.

Topics

  • Furnace or Heat Pump
  • Sizing
  • Cold Climate
  • Mini Splits
  • Troubleshooting
  • Rebates and Rules
  • Tools

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© 2026 The Last Furnace

General information, not professional, tax or legal advice. Check current rules with your state program or utility, and use a licensed technician.